Malware - Viruses and Their Types

Introduction

With the rapid advancement of technology, cyber threats have also increased. At the forefront of these threats are malicious software, commonly known as malware. Malware are programs designed to damage, steal, or destroy data on computers, servers, mobile devices, or networks. In this article, we will discuss one of the most common types of malware: viruses, and their various types.

Viruses and Their Types

Viruses are malicious software that infect a computer system with the capability to corrupt, steal, or destroy data. Viruses spread through programs or files that users inadvertently execute. Here are some common types of viruses:

1. File Infectors: File infectors typically attach themselves to executable files such as .exe or .com files. These viruses activate when the infected file is executed and begin to spread to other files in the system. An example is the "Cascade" virus, known for altering the size of files.
2. Boot Sector Viruses: This type of virus infects the boot sector of a computer, which is loaded during the boot process. Boot sector viruses activate every time the computer is started. The "Michelangelo" virus is a famous boot sector virus.
3. Macro Viruses: Macro viruses infect macros used in programs like Microsoft Word or Excel. These viruses can damage documents and spreadsheets. The "Melissa" virus is a notorious macro virus that affected thousands of computers.
4. Polymorphic Viruses: Polymorphic viruses rewrite themselves with each infection, making detection difficult. The "Storm Worm" virus is notable for its polymorphic properties.
5. Resident Viruses: Resident viruses embed themselves in the computer's memory and remain active during system operation. The "Randex" virus is an example of a resident virus.

Conclusion

Viruses are one of the most common types of malware used to harm computer systems. Different types of viruses can cause and spread damage in various ways. Users should employ up-to-date antivirus software and practice safe internet habits to protect their computers and data.